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Structural design processes (view source)

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[[File:Des-proc-2.png|center|thumb|800x800px|Table 1 Simplified process map for structural design]]
[[File:Des-proc-2.png|center|thumb|800x800px|Table 1 Simplified process map for structural design]]


The work starts at the top left of the map with the definition of requirements and moves across the stages and down the sub-processes to achieve the basic project outcomes (e.g. in the case of [[Framework for structural design learning|structural design]] the basic outcome is in the form of drawings and specifications that define what the structure will be).  Other outcomes are required that, for example, justify the choices made or show how risk was controlled.  The row order of the sub-processes may not be significant.
The map is a simplified diagram of a real system plan.  It does not show iterations that are common, especially at the concept stage




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Naval architect, Stephen Payne, designer of the Queen Mary 2, said (at a talk given to the Institution of Engineers in Scotland in 2020).  "When designing a cruise liner, the regulations represent the starting point for my safety assessment. The Titanic met the then current regulations."  Hundreds of people might drown if a passenger liner was lost at sea. There are equivalent risks in structural design e.g. for a long span bridge or the roof of a sports stadium.  Use of the principle that the ''starting'' point for design should be the regulations should be adopted in all strutural designs. This requires [[critical thinking]] by all participants.
Naval architect, Stephen Payne, designer of the Queen Mary 2, said (at a talk given to the Institution of Engineers in Scotland in 2020).  "When designing a cruise liner, the regulations represent the starting point for my safety assessment. The Titanic met the then current regulations."  Hundreds of people might drown if a passenger liner was lost at sea. There are equivalent risks in structural design e.g. for a long span bridge or the roof of a sports stadium.  Use of the principle that the ''starting'' point for design should be the regulations should be adopted in all strutural designs. This requires [[critical thinking]] by all participants.


=== Project Programme===
The work of the project is controlled by a programme where tasks are defined and allocated and timelines are established.
Items in such a programme include:
*Task descriptions
*Task schedules.
*Manpower schedules
*Reviews
Core actions in preparing a project programe include:
*Break down the work into tasks.
*Estimate the time it will take to complete each task.
*Define the precedence of the tasks, i.e. decide which tasks can be carried out in parallel and which need to be handled consecutively.
*Identify any lead times needed for starting the tasks - e.g. where one needs to wait for information to be delivered.
*Identify critical tasks, i.e. those which if not done on time will cause delay in the overall completion
*Draw up a schedule for the work, typically using a bar chart which shows when each task should start and finish.  Leave some slack in the system to allow for unforeseen circumstances.
* Record progress and update the task times as the work proceeds.
====Task Assignment====
When assigning a task, take account of (a) the competence of the person who is to carry out the task and (b) the need to train people to do the task.
====Reviews====
Regular review meetings should be included in the schedule to address
*Progress in relation to the plan
*Progress in relation to meeting the [https://eit.engineers.scot/index.php?title=Top-down_strategy#Requirements requirements]




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